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The Kolhapur Urban Co-operative Bank Ltd. (TKUCB) was founded in 1913, initially established as the Kolhapur Urban Credit Society. The bank's genesis was profoundly influenced by the social reform philosophy of Shri Shahu Chhatrapati Maharaj of Kolhapur State, and it was formally founded by the then Revenue Minister, the late Shri Bhaskarrao Jadhav, to address local issues of liquidity and traditional moneylending (savkari). The institution holds a historically significant place in the co-operative movement of the Kolhapur District, being one of the first banks to enroll women and members of the harijan community as founder members. This makes it a pioneering institution in both social inclusion and co-operative credit in the region, reflecting its identity as "the bank of common man."

As a co-operative bank, TKUCB is a non-public, member-owned entity, registered as a Scheduled Urban Cooperative Bank in India. It operates as a cornerstone of financial support for individuals and businesses in Kolhapur and the South Maharashtra region, with a service history of over 111 years and a membership base of more than 33,000 across its 19 branches. The bank plays a vital role in the Indian financial system as a representative of the grassroots urban co-operative banking sector, mobilising savings from middle and low-income urban groups and providing credit for diverse needs, including business loans, vehicle financing, and schemes for specific professionals like doctors.